Third Generation of Computer

The third generation of computers spanned the period between 1964 and 1971, and it is marked by the introduction of integrated circuits, which replaced the individual transistors used in the second generation of computers. This new technology made computers faster, more powerful, and more reliable.

The integrated circuits, also known as microchips, were made by integrating hundreds or thousands of transistors, resistors, and capacitors on a single chip of silicon. This made it possible to pack more electronic components into a smaller space, leading to the development of more powerful and compact computers.

The third generation of computers saw the introduction of mainframe computers, which were faster and more powerful than earlier computers. They were used for large-scale data processing in scientific and business applications. During this era, IBM introduced its System/360, a line of compatible computers that could run the same software across multiple models.

Another important development during this period was the introduction of high-level programming languages, such as COBOL and FORTRAN. These languages made it easier to write and modify programs, and they are still used in some business and scientific applications today.

The third generation of computers also saw the introduction of time-sharing systems, which allowed multiple users to access a computer simultaneously. This technology paved the way for the development of multi-user operating systems and computer networks, which have become ubiquitous today.

Overall, the third generation of computers marked a significant step forward in the development of modern computing. The introduction of integrated circuits, mainframe computers, and high-level programming languages laid the foundation for the continued growth of the computer industry, which has led to the development of the powerful and versatile computing systems we have today.